This course addresses the development of the European integration process from the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951 to the creation of the European Community in 1958, and with an emphasis on the present-day challenges. On this course major institutions and political actors are treated, such as the Commission, the Council of Ministers, The European Council, The European Parliament and the European Court of Justice, and other institutions and actors, both formal and non-formal. Special emphasis is placed on disinformation and propaganda in the digital age, regulation of artificial intelligence, the Russian-Ukrainian war and the energy crisis, in relation to European governance.