Responsible Research

We did a survey on norms and organizational climate in Sweden´s social and medical sciences after achieving a response rate of 33,6 % - a very good rate compared to similar European surveys. Of the more than 3,000 respondents, 650 also wrote personal comments. Many were very encouraging (see below), others more critical. Several analyzed the interpretive difficulties of particular survey items, an important input for the project team´s analytical work. Almost 100 comments were longer or much longer than 100 words and offered sharp observations of the current climate and challenges in the academic system.

Our sincere thanks to all of you!

 

Quite a few respondents wondered why the survey asked them about their colleagues´ attitudes and behavior instead of asking them about their own attitudes and behavior. The answer is that previous research has found a strong positive bias when people are asked about their own behavior. According to a review of 21 survey studies, 2% of the participating scientists admitted to have fabricated or falsified their research data at least once, whereas 12% answered they had “personal knowledge of a colleague who fabricated or falsified data”, and a similar difference was discovered when respondents were queried about “questionable research practices” (D. Fanelli, PLOS ONE May 29, 2009.)

The analysis of our survey data material has already indicated interesting and robust patterns. You will be informed when we have run through all the necessary checks and controls. When doing this laborious work, it's good to remember all the encouraging comments from the researchers in Sweden!

• “Thank you for doing this survey. I really hope it will lead to changes, because it is needed.”
• ”Ser fram emot resultaten från denna studie.”
• “Thanks for this survey and good luck with analysis!”
• ”Mycket bra och viktiga frågor i denna undersökning. Saknar dock en fråga där vi ombeds prioritera vad vi anser vara de viktigaste frågorna för arbetsplatsen/ kulturen för att förbättra rådande normer/ kultur.”
• ”Bra att det bedrivs forskning på detta område”
• “First I would like to thank you for this survey”
• “This is an important survey.”
• ”Det som jag saknar i enkäten är frågor om akademiskt ledarskap. Annars är jag glad att någon forskar om dessa saker!”
• ”Intressanta och viktiga frågor!”
• ”Lycka till med sammanställningen - och det jag önskar mig som kompensation för avsatt tid är (minst) en rapport av resultaten till alla deltagares e-post.”

Solmaz Filiz Karabag, associate professor, Linköping University (LiU). Solmaz Filiz studied work organization during her graduate education and used SEM to analyze how organizational practices impact employees’ trust, job satisfaction, stress, commitment and intention to leave when companies downsize. She has participated in many studies related to work organization, including trust building in collaborative technology development and successful as well as less successful cases of capability building in emerging economies. She became interested in research integrity and ethics due to her role as an editor of an open access journal and leader for a new course in corporate social responsibility at LiU. She has conducted broad, quantitative studies of the experiences and responses of journals and editors toward misconduct, and case studies of misconduct (mis)management at well-known research institutes.

Bengt Gerdin, Senior professor, Uppsala University (UU) has 40 years of research experience in experimental and clinical medical sciences. He has taught the ethics of unreplicable research and problems of misconduct to PhD students at UU for several years and serves as senior professor on the Board for investigation of research misconduct at UU. Bengt was the external scientific reviewer for the Macchiarini case at Karolinska Institute in 2014-2015 and did a very detailed review of alleged misconduct in several published papers. Although his verdict was rejected by the then president at KI, Bengt was later vindicated by the second group of external reviewers in 2017. Together with Prof. Kjell Asplund, Bengt currently serves as a principal investigator in a group that studies medical-ethical and regulatory issues when new experimental methods are introduced in clinical research and medical investigation.

Christian Berggren, Professor emeritus, has been a leader of major research programs at Linköping University and has studied organization and management in a variety of technology-intensive organizations. For more than 15 years, he has been teaching academic publishing and scientific integrity for PhD students at Linköping University and recently published the book “Vetenskaplig publicering: historik, praktik och etik” at Studentlitteratur. He has published papers on management and the organization of knowledge production in leading academic journals for 30 years, and edited several books for Oxford University Press, most recently in 2017. Christian has been invited to present his studies of research ethics and integrity at Stockholm Business School, Gothenburg Business School, KVVS Gothenburg, Vetenskapsrådet, etc.