Soft Electronics

Macro photo of soft electronics
Photo: Klas Tybrandt

Combining softness and elasticity with electronic functionality in materials and devices.

Principal investigator: Klas Tybrandt

The living world around us is rarely flat, but often soft and constantly deforming. It is a grad challenge to adapt our hard and rigid technology to fit these geometrical and mechanical constraints. The Soft Electronics group develops composite materials, design concepts and devices to meet this challenge, moving electronics into the realm of soft and deforming systems.

Soft and elastic electrically conductive and semiconductive composite materials can be developed based on nanomaterials/conjugated polymers and elastomers. By tailoring the properties of the conductive filler and the morphology of the composite, high performance functional materials that can sustain large deformations can be achieved. The interaction between the nanostructured conductive filler and the elastomer matrix is of particular interest for understanding and developing new materials and devices.

Within the Soft Electronics group, which is part of the Laboratory of Organic Electronics LOE, we develop materials, design concepts and devices to address the challenges of soft and elastic electronics. We synthesize and employ nanomaterials and conductive polymers to develop composite materials based on a variety of rubbers. Another focus is fabrication technologies, a necessity for bringing our materials and concepts into actual components and devices. We address a wide range of applications, spanning from soft neural interfaces and bioelectronics to deformable displays and thermoelectrics.

Our long-term goal is to develop a technology which can transform our modern-day electronics into something which seamlessly can be integrated into most aspects of human life through various human-machine interfaces.

The Soft Electronics group is part of the Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) and the Wallenberg Initiative Material Science for Sustainability (WISE). The group is funded by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation (KAW), the European Research Council (ERC), the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF), the Swedish Research Council (VR), the Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Advanced Functional Materials at Linköping University (AFM), the ÅFORSK foundation, and VINNOVA.

Soft Electronics research leaders

Research areas and major projects

Videos about soft electronics

Develops soft electronics for the treatment of Parkinson's and epilepsy

The electronics should not be hard and rigid like normal electronics, but soft and malleable so that it can be integrated into the brain and nerves without damaging the tissue. The basis of the technology that he and his research group are developing are gold nanowires and the result is small, soft gel-spikes that can be used deep inside the brain to do more precise and gentler so-called deep brain stimulation to treat Parkinson's and epilepsy.

Damaged nerves can be replaced with soft electronics 

If electronics was soft and compliant, it could be implanted in the body and help people with nerve damage. But not only that, the uses for this type of electronics are innumerable. Energy storage for example. This is what our research is about. Watch the movie from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) here!

Microelectrodes as soft as the human body

A new soft and elastic technology for neural implants have been developed in a collaboration between Linköping University, ETH Zurich, New York University and Columbia University, led by Assistant Professor Klas Tybrandt. The softness enables chronic integration of electronics with sensitive tissue, making it attractive for a wide range of biomedical applications.

News

Close-up illustrating that the gold nanowires combined with soft silicon rubber are stretchable.

Soft gold enables connections between nerves and electronics

Gold does not readily lend itself to being turned into long, thin threads. But researchers at LiU have now managed to create gold nanowires and develop soft, stretchable electrodes that can be connected to the nervous system.

Nara Kim, in the background Xavier Crispin and Klas Tybrandt

Creating stretchable thermoelectric generators

For the first time, a soft and stretchable organic thermoelectric module has been created that can harvest energy from body heat. The breakthrough was enabled by a new composite material that may have widespread use.

A red rose is laying down on a work bench. In the blurry background you can se a person wearing a lab coat and blue rubber gloves.

Five future research leaders at LiU

The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research has selected 20 young researchers as Future Research Leaders. Five are active at LiU. Each receives SEK 12 million in a five-year period and the opportunity to participate in a leadership programme.

Publications

2024

Chaoyang Kuang, Shangzhi Chen, Mingna Liao, Aiman Rahmanudin, Debashree Banerjee, Jesper Edberg, Klas Tybrandt, Dan Zhao, Magnus Jonsson (2024) Electrically tunable infrared optics enabled by flexible ion-permeable conducting polymer-cellulose paper NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS, Vol. 8, Article 55 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Changbai Li, Sajjad Naeimipour, Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni, Tobias Abrahamsson, Xenofon Strakosas, Yangpeiqi Yi, Rebecka Rilemark, Caroline Lindholm, Venkata Perla, Chiara Musumeci, Yuyang Li, Hanne Biesmans, Marios Savvakis, Eva Olsson, Klas Tybrandt, Mary Donahue, Jennifer Gerasimov, Robert Selegård, Magnus Berggren, Daniel Aili, Daniel Simon (2024) Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue-like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach SMALL SCIENCE (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Aiman Rahmanudin, Mohsen Mohammadi, Patrik Isacsson, Yuyang Li, Laura Seufert, Nara Kim, Saeed Mardi, Isak Engquist, Reverant Crispin, Klas Tybrandt (2024) Stretchable and biodegradable plant-based redox-diffusion batteries Materials Horizons, Vol. 11, p. 4400-4412 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Laura Seufert, Mohammed Elmahmoudy, Charlotte Theunis, Samuel Lienemann, Yuyang Li, Mohsen Mohammadi, Ulrika Boda, Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte, Renee Kroon, Per Persson, Aiman Rahmanudin, Mary Donahue, Simon Farnebo, Klas Tybrandt (2024) Stretchable Tissue-Like Gold Nanowire Composites with Long-Term Stability for Neural Interfaces Small, Vol. 20, Article 2402214 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Samuel Lienemann, Ulrika Boda, Mohsen Mohammadi, Tunhe Zhou, Ioannis Petsagkourakis, Nara Kim, Klas Tybrandt (2024) Exploring the Elastomer Influence on the Electromechanical Performance of Stretchable Conductors ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol. 16, p. 38365-38376 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Klas Tybrandt (2024) A gentle nerve wrapper Nature Materials (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Lars Hultman, Sara Mazur, Caroline Ankarcrona, Anders Palmqvist, Maria Abrahamsson, Marta-Lena Antti, Malin Baltzar, Lennart Bergstroem, Pontus de Laval, Ludvig Edman, Paul Erhart, Lars Kloo, Mats W. Lundberg, Anders Mikkelsen, Ellen Moons, Cecilia Persson, Hakan Rensmo, Johanna Rosén, Christina Ruden, Malin Selleby, Jan-Eric Sundgren, Kimberly Dick Thelander, Klas Tybrandt, Paer Weihed, Xiaodong Zou, Maria Astrand, Charlotte Platzer Bjoerkman, Jochen Schneider, Olle Eriksson, Magnus Berggren (2024) Advanced materials provide solutions towards a sustainable world Nature Materials, Vol. 23, p. 160-161 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI

2023

Aiman Rahmanudin, Ziyauddin Khan, Klas Tybrandt, Nara Kim (2023) Sustainable stretchable batteries for next-generation wearables Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 11, p. 22718-22736 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Ulrika Boda, Jan Strandberg, Jens Eriksson, Xianjie Liu, Valerio Beni, Klas Tybrandt (2023) Screen-Printed Corrosion-Resistant and Long-Term Stable Stretchable Electronics Based on AgAu Microflake Conductors ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol. 15, p. 12372-12382 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI
Taehyun Park, Byeonggwan Kim, Seunggun Yu, Youjin Park, Jin Woo Oh, Taebin Kim, Nara Kim, Yeonji Kim, Dan Zhao, Zia Khan, Samuel Lienemann, Xavier Crispin, Klas Tybrandt, Cheolmin Park, Seong Chan Jun (2023) Ionoelastomer electrolytes for stretchable ionic thermoelectric supercapacitors Nano Energy, Vol. 114, Article 108643 (Article in journal) Continue to DOI

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