12 oktober 2023
Matematisk modellering - ett verktyg för att upptäcka läkemedel och främja hälsa
Ämne: Medicinteknisk vetenskap
Föreläsare: Peter Gennemark, IMT
Tid: 10:15 – 11:00
Lokal: IMT1, hus 462, Campus US
Abstract:
Föreläsningen introducerar och diskuterar hur matematisk modellering kan användas för att öka kunskapen om biologi, fysiologi, sjukdomsförlopp och läkemedelsbehandling. Först beskrivs en uppsättning dynamiska matematiska modeller, i form av ordinära differentialekvationer, av metabola system och kroppssammansättning. Modellerna diskuteras med avseende på deras omfattning, komplexitetsnivå och typer av forskningsfrågor som de kan besvara. För det andra introduceras matematiska modeller som används vid forskning på nukleinsyrabaserade läkemedel och deras användning exemplifieras. Dessa exempel diskuteras i relation till typiska farmakokinetiska och farmakodynamiska modeller som används vid läkemedelsforskning och vikten av translationella modeller som skalar mellan arter som mus, apa och människa. För det tredje exemplifieras den snabba utvecklingen av avancerade in vitro-system av ett tvåorgans mikrofysiologiskt system och motsvarande matematisk beskrivning. Detta system diskuteras i relation till hur läkemedelsforskning kan bedrivas effektivt och etiskt, exempelvis genom minskat beroende av djurförsök. Slutligen ger jag en integrerad bild som kopplar de tre punkterna ovan till forskningen om digitala tvillingar som bedrivs av Gunnar Cedersund på IMT.
29 maj 2023
Systems analysis for sustainability: Lessons from biogas solutions
Ämne: Miljömanagement och miljöteknik
Föreläsare: Roozbeh Feiz Aghaei, IEI
Tid: 13:15-14:00
Plats: ACAS, A-huset, Campus Valla
Abstract (finns bara på engelska):
Contemporary societies face complex challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, and resource depletion. A viable solution lies in transitioning towards a sustainable biobased economy, which necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the sustainability implications of different proposed solutions. By adopting a broad perspective, we can identify effective and feasible development pathways while minimizing the risk of shifting problems from one area to another.
In this lecture, I will present my research on biogas solutions to showcase the practical applications of different systems analysis methods. These include methods such as mass and energy flow analysis, life cycle assessment, multi criteria analysis, and spatial analysis. They enable us to address questions regarding potential, feasibility, environmental impact, economic performance, and the overall sustainability of different development pathways. I will argue that through the study of biogas solutions, we can derive valuable lessons that are applicable to Sweden's broader transition towards a sustainable biobased economy. By the end of this talk, attendees will gain a better understanding of the importance of systems analysis in realizing sustainable solutions in Sweden and beyond.
26 maj 2023
Distributed Machine Learning over Wireless Networks: A Communications Perspective
Ämne: Elektro- och systemteknik med inriktning mot kommunikationssystem
Föreläsare: Zheng Chen, ISY
Tid: 14:15-15:45
Plats: Systemet, ISY, B-huset, Campus Valla
Abstract (finns bara på engelska):
Collaborative machine learning (ML) from decentralized data has gained significant attention in both academia and industry in recent years. Its key characteristic lies in multiple agents/nodes collaboratively training a shared ML model, either through the coordination of a central parameter server or in a fully decentralized manner using peer-to-peer information exchange. However, distributed ML over wireless networks introduces new challenges due to communication resource limitations (such as frequency, time, and space) and channel uncertainty, which can greatly impact learning performance and training latency.
The first part of this talk provides an overview of important research directions in distributed ML over wireless networks. These include resource allocation design, the effect of asynchronous training, privacy and security issues, and energy efficiency. Specifically, the concept of Over-the-Air (OtA) computation will be introduced as an efficient method for data aggregation and distributed computation of functions over networked nodes. The application of OtA computation in federated learning will be presented, which leads to new research questions in terms of communication design and signal processing. Finally, the last part of the talk focuses on the impact of medium access control (MAC) layer design and communication topology on the performance of consensus-based decentralized ML systems.
9 maj 2023
Broad perspectives in environmental systems analysis and policy studies of biogas solutions
Ämne: Miljömanagement och miljöteknik
Föreläsare: Marcus Gustafsson, IEI
Tid: 10:15-11:00
Plats: ACAS, A-huset, Campus Valla
Abstract (finns bara på engelska):
Biogas solutions can contribute to addressing many societal challenges, including reduced climate impact, access to renewable energy, waste management and nutrient circulation. There are well-established technologies for producing and using biogas, and with the present geopolitical situation in Europe, self-sufficiency in energy and other resources is becoming a pressing issue. Yet, waste-based biogas is a largely unexploited resource, not least in Sweden where studies suggest a potential 5-7 times higher than the current production. However, it is not clear how this potential could be realized, especially with a policy framework that provides insufficient support and fails to acknowledge all the benefits that biogas solutions could bring.
In this lecture, I will talk about the importance of broad perspectives in the context of environmental systems analysis and policy studies of biogas solutions. This comprises the use of life cycle perspective when assessing environmental performance, as well as acknowledging the multi-functional and cross-sectoral aspects of biogas solutions when assessing the policy framework. I will bring up examples on the climate performance of biogas and present a model for analyzing the policy landscape of biogas solutions. Finally, I will go into the challenges of developing the Swedish biogas sector.
Gärna kvalitet, men först rejäl kompetens! Varför ett kompetensperspektiv behövs för att utveckla kvalitet i organisationer
Ämne: Industriell ekonomi med inriktning mot kvalitetsteknik
Föreläsare: Jason Martin, IEI
Tid: 15:15-16:00
Plats: ACAS, A-huset, Campus Valla, samt via Zoom:
https://liu-se.zoom.us/j/66991807677?pwd=Z1Z3UkdiSWJKNHhoVTVVdDRGYkhZUT09
Abstract:
Kombinationen av snabb teknikutveckling, hållbarhetskrav samt social förändring ställer allt högre krav på hur vi arbetar, leder och styr i organisationer. Organisationer prövas ständigt, kanske mest uppenbart i samband med kriser och uppkomna, oförberedda situationer. Frågan är hur forskning kan bidra till att stärka och stödja organisationer i hur dessa arbetar, leder och styr med bättre kvalitet i praktiken? Ett genomgående tema i min forskning fokuserar på kompetens och hur ett kompetensperspektiv kan bidra till ledning och styrning (eng. management) med bättre kvalitet i organisationer utifrån ett system- och processperspektiv.
I min docentföreläsning kommer jag att inleda med att redogöra för varför jag forskar, vilket primärt forskningsintresse jag drivs av och varför just kompetens intresserar mig så mycket. Jag kommer därefter att förklara vad kompetens är och varför sammanhanget och situationen är så viktiga för att förstå vilken kompetens som krävs i den dagliga ledningen och styrningen av organisationer. I denna del kommer jag även att utveckla varför kompetens är så avgörande i organisationers praktiska arbete med att utveckla bättre kvalitet i sina verksamheter och produkter med exempel där mina forskningsresultat hittills har bidragit till högre kvalitet och praktisk nytta i organisationer.
I den avslutande delen av föreläsningen kommer jag att utifrån ett kompetensperspektiv presentera pågående forskning kring fenomen som exempelvis distansledarskap med stöd av digitala verktyg, att leda utan att vara chef samt principer för organisatoriska lärandeprocesser i organisationer. Slutligen avrundas föreläsningen med en kort utblick på möjliga framtida forskningsplaner.
22 mars 2023
Structural integrity and durability of aircraft structure
Ämne: Hållfasthetslära
Föreläsare: Zlatan Kapidzic, IEI
Tid: 15:15-16:00
Plats: ACAS, A-huset, Campus Valla
Abstract (finns bara på engelska):
Structural strength, durability and damage tolerance are important issues for aircraft flight safety and economic life. To achieve and maintain adequate levels of these properties during the entire service life of the aircraft, the manufacturer performs a structural integrity assessment program. The program addresses all aspects that affect aircraft structural integrity, such as material properties, manufacturing, function, loading, operational conditions and maintenance. In this context, understanding the structural and material behavior under loading and the ability to predict them is essential. Traditionally, this knowledge has largely been based on experimental and development testing and today numerical simulations are increasingly used also. A large part of contemporary research is directed towards development of material modelling and simulation technique. As the requirements for light weight in aircraft structures continue to increase, so does the need to consider new materials and structural solutions and to understand their properties, function and the effects it has on service life and structural integrity. This lecture will give an outline of the aircraft structural integrity program and show some fatigue and damage tolerance related issues in fighter aircraft structure. Typical failure behavior of composite and metal will be presented and how they can be modelled in a hybrid, bolted and integrated structures. Some highlights of the resent research and an outlook towards the future trends will be given.
1 mars 2023
Image synthesis and augmentation for data-centric machine learning
Ämne: Visualisering och medieteknik
Föreläsare: Gabriel Eilertsen, ITN
Tid: 15:30-16:15
Plats: K2, Kåkenhus, Campus Norrköping
Abstract (finns bara på engelska):
Machine learning (ML), especially by means of deep learning, has made substantial progress over the last decade, e.g., for solving complex problems such as image classification, medical diagnosis, personalized recommendations, and natural language processing. However, the data-hungry nature of deep learning means that the full potential of a model is often inhibited by lack of data. Deep learning so far has to a large extent been model-centric, and the general view on data has been "more is better". In most situations there could be larger gains in improving the training data, in a data-centric formulation. In imaging applications, one promising technique for expanding and improving training data is through image synthesis. With the advancements of generative deep learning, there are many possibilities for data-centric ML in the intersection between computer graphics and deep generative modeling.
This lecture will introduce data-centric ML and image synthesis, and highlight some projects within computer vision and computer graphics where data has been in focus. This includes, e.g., data augmentation techniques for deep high dynamic range image reconstruction and for self-supervised learning, as well as deep generative modeling for data augmentation, anonymization, and anomaly detection. One of the main application areas has been medical imaging, and in particular digital pathology. Here, data-centricity and image synthesis is especially promising since data is expensive to capture, relies on medical expertise for annotation, and is of sensitive and protected nature.
22 februari 2023
Conceptual Aircraft Systems Engineering
Ämne: Fluida och mekatroniska system
Föreläsare: Ingo Staack, IEI
Tid: 15:15-16:00
Plats: DESI, A-huset, Campus Valla
Abstract (finns bara på engelska):
Aircraft systems engineering at an early design stage is a balancing act between aircraft conceptual design, onboard (power)systems architecture engineering, and complex system/product development. Managing this multidisciplinary design and engineering trade-offs is an advanced task, exceeding classical aircraft engineering. This lecture will give a deeper understanding of the challenges, the current state of the art, and the research forefront of today´s aircraft conceptual design work. The main focus will be on the missing puzzle pieces required to solve tomorrow’s challenges, such as tighter integrated products acting in a so-called system of systems (SoS), data-driven engineering, and the even more complex architecture of novel highly integrated or hybrid propulsion systems. To find the best holistic design solution, extensive modelling (abstraction) and simulation are required. Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) with intensive and integrated use of different modelling approaches is the key factor to solve this goal, including (sub)systems architecture engineering already during the initial design stage.
13 februari 2023
Some thoughts on aircraft conceptual design
Ämne: Fluida och mekatroniska system
Föreläsare: Christopher Jouannet, IEI
Tid: 13:15-14:00
Plats: A35, A-huset, Campus Valla
Abstract (finns bara på engelska):
The lecture will give an overview of aircraft conceptual design challenges from an industrial and research perspective. Aircraft development is characterized by relative long development time with new technologies to be incorporated and uncertainties in requirements. Traditional focus on aeronautical engineering is not enough to cover the new challenges faced by the industry, where an increased interconnection with the operational environment imposed new development methods. Leading to a need of studying the envisioned product or system in the context of system of systems (SoS) engineering. The lecture will explain the basic concept and some main elements of aircraft conceptual design with special regards towards multi-disciplinary optimization, technology assessment and System-of Systems. Examples of industrial challenges links to research will be presented, with reference to actual achievement and outlooks on future needs.
